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Old Torah Book

Old Torah Book

This image depicts an ancient, illuminated Jewish prayer book, open in the dark, highlighting its aged and worn condition. The massive tome, from the 13th century, features pages yellowed with time, marked by visible stains and wear, reflecting its long history. The Hebrew calligraphy is written in striking red and black ink, showcasing the meticulous craftsmanship of the period. This particular prayer book, originally from the synagogue of Worms, Germany, is historically significant as it contains the earliest known textual evidence of Yiddish, the language of Ashkenazi Jews from central and eastern Europe. The prayer book was used by cantors to lead festival prayers until the synagogue was destroyed during Kristallnacht in 1938, a night of widespread violence against Jewish communities in Nazi Germany. Remarkably, the manuscript survived due to the efforts of the city's archivist, who rescued it from a Gestapo office basement and concealed it in the tower of the city's cathedral, protecting it from Allied bombings. The book, a unique manuscript and a significant cultural artifact, was eventually given to Israel in 1957 as part of Holocaust reparation negotiations. Its open pages in the image convey a deep sense of history, survival, and the enduring legacy of the Jewish faith and culture.

Image ID#: 19048 / Category: Religion / Price: 499$
Old Torah Book
© Copyright 2005 - / Sam Mugraby, Boxist Stock Photography, All rights reserved.

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alphabet ancient antique bible book cabala calligraphy culture faith hebrew holy israel jewish judaic judaism letter manuscript old page prayer praying religion retro script scroll spirituality synagogue text torah

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Church Of The Holy Sepulchre Interior With Greek Orthodox Catholicon Dome And Christ Pantocrator Mosaic
Church Of The Holy Sepulchre Interior With Greek Orthodox Catholicon Dome And Christ Pantocrator Mosaic

This image provides a stunning view of the interior dome of the Greek Orthodox Catholicon, located inside the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in the Old City of Jerusalem. Taken from below, the image offers a panoramic view that captures the grandeur of the architecture and the sacred art adorning the dome. Large arches and marble columns support the structure, framing the central focus of the dome: the magnificent Christ Pantocrator mosaic. At the heart of the dome is the image of Christ Pantocrator, representing Jesus Christ as the ruler of the world. The mosaic is rich in detail and spiritual symbolism, portraying Christ with a halo containing the Christogram—Greek letters "IC" and "XC," which stand for "Jesus Christ." Inside the halo, the Cross is depicted with three arms, each bearing a Greek letter—"O ώ N" (omega, omicron, nu)—representing the phrase "He who is." This refers to God's self-revelation to Moses in the Book of Exodus and is reiterated in the Book of Revelation, emphasizing Christ’s divinity and eternal nature. Christ holds an ornate, gilded book in his left hand, symbolizing the Gospels, while his right hand is raised in a gesture of Eucharistic blessing. Surrounding Christ are key church leaders and saints from the Eastern Orthodox tradition, highlighting the connection between Christ and the church’s theological history. In the corners of the mosaic, the Four Evangelists—Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John—are depicted, gazing towards Christ, further underscoring his central role in Christian faith.